Restriction Enzymes are a group of endonucleases that recognises a short double stranded DNA, sequences consisting of 4 to 8 base pairs at specific recognition sites and cut the molecule at specific site. These restriction enzymes are found in many species of bacteria and they function in restriction modification system.
Restriction is a phenomenon where bacteria produce restriction enzymes and cleave the foreign DNA into fragments so that viral DNA cannot replicate inside the bacterial host cell.
Modification is a process by which the bacterial host DNA gets modified by the addition of methyl groups either to cytosine or adinine by means of methyl transferase enzymes (DNA methylation ). About 2500 types of restriction enzymes have been identified and about 300 restriction enzymes are commercially available.
Recognition sequences consists of tetra, penta, hexa and octa nucleotides having two fold axis of rotational symmetry (i.e., the sequence reads same forward and backwards)
G A A: T T C
C T T : A A G
Such sequences are called Palendromic sequences.
Generally recognition sequences are written from 5' to 3' direction and the point of cleavage is indicated by an arrow.
Restriction fragments are the segments of duplex DNA produced by reaction of restriction enzymes.
Restriction map is the diagramatic representation of relative positions of cleavage sites for various restriction enzymes.
Restriction is a phenomenon where bacteria produce restriction enzymes and cleave the foreign DNA into fragments so that viral DNA cannot replicate inside the bacterial host cell.
Modification is a process by which the bacterial host DNA gets modified by the addition of methyl groups either to cytosine or adinine by means of methyl transferase enzymes (DNA methylation ). About 2500 types of restriction enzymes have been identified and about 300 restriction enzymes are commercially available.
Recognition sequences consists of tetra, penta, hexa and octa nucleotides having two fold axis of rotational symmetry (i.e., the sequence reads same forward and backwards)
G A A: T T C
C T T : A A G
Such sequences are called Palendromic sequences.
- The restriction enzymes may produce DNA fragments with sticky ends or blunt ends.
- A particular restriction enzyme generates a unique family of restriction fragment from a given DNA sample.
- Two or more restriction enzymes isolated from different bacteria may recognise identical recognition sites on the same DNA sequence. Such type of enzymes are called isoschizomers.
Generally recognition sequences are written from 5' to 3' direction and the point of cleavage is indicated by an arrow.
Restriction fragments are the segments of duplex DNA produced by reaction of restriction enzymes.
Restriction map is the diagramatic representation of relative positions of cleavage sites for various restriction enzymes.
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